Common GI complaints that can generally be managed with nonprescription treatments and self-care include belching, heartburn, indigestion, acid reflux, sour stomach, and nausea.

The Federal Food Drug & Cosmetic Act determines the classification of pharmaceutical products as being available by prescription only (RxOnly) or OTC. States have the authority to decide who may prescribe and who may dispense RxOnly drugs.

David B. Brushwood, BSPharm, JD

The layered learning practice model (LLPM) allows new practitioner pharmacists to precept students and other learners while also being precepted by more experienced practitioners.

Brittany Botescu, PharmD; Paria Sanaty Zadeh, PharmD; and Bella Blankenship, PharmD

Pharmacists have long been recognized for the vital roles that they play in delivering vaccines and providing education to patients in their communities.

A bill signed into law in June 2023 makes Texas the largest state so far to ban gender-affirming care for minors. Once the law takes effect in September, health care providers will be prohibited from prescribing hormones or puberty blockers.

Lauren Howell, PharmD

Describing the various sociodemographic disparities that may be associated with vaccine uptake can be difficult, but a study published on November 11, 2022, in JAPhA characterizes differences in disease burden, and sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics for cohorts of participants who received certain common vaccines.

Jon​athan Little, PharmD

Migraine is the second leading cause of disability globally and, worldwide, 50% of the population suffered from headache and 30% have experienced migraine in the past year.

In a recent unanimous opinion, the Supreme Court of the United States recognized a subjective standard for interpreting the “usual and customary” requirement in the submission of pharmacy claims to federally funded programs.

David B. Brushwood, BSPharm, JD

Somatropin human growth hormone is available from multiple manufacturers using various brand names (e.g., Genotropin–Pfizer, Humatrope–Eli Lilly, FlexPro–Norditropin, Omnitrope–Novartis, Saizen–EMD Serono, Inc., Zorbtive–EMD Serono, Inc.) and in multiple dosage forms (e.g., pen devices, cartridges to be used with pen devices, vials). The indications for use vary from product to product. This variety of products, indications, and dosage forms can present challenges to specialty pharmacies.

Institute for Safe Medication Practices, Horsham, PA

The Pharmacy Palette: A Colorful Journey Through the World of Pharmacy, is a coloring book that features over 50 pharmacy specialties: a poison control pharmacist, a military pharmacist, a quality assurance pharmacist, and a veterinary pharmacist—just to name a few.

Loren Bonner